ec2 user data script not running

scripts after the instance starts. Awesome content. Next, create a key pair to log into your instance. 5. Example userdata file would be like: This will make userdata script to execute on last step of every boot process. What's the best way to do this ? instance profile when launching the instance. Rather all you need is to specify the whole script in the user data section and they get executed once your instance boots up. User data doesn't run on subsequent reboots or starts. When you launch an instance in Amazon EC2, you have the option of passing user data to the instance that can be used to perform common automated configuration tasks and even run scripts after the instance starts. instance. Visit Stack Exchange Tour Start here for quick overview the site Help Center Detailed answers. The Amazon EC2 console can perform the base64-encoding for you or accept base64-encoded input. Using cloud-config syntax, the user can specify certain things in a human-friendly format. However, the last command does not seem to be getting executed. Instance types are going to differ based on the number of CPUs they have, the amount of memory they have, and how much they cost. on Amazon EC2 with AWS CloudFormation in the AWS CloudFormation User Guide. This will install node version 4.4.5. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. For a great introduction on shell scripting, see So your force-user-data.sh will look something like, #!/bin/bash operating system of your instance. Short story taking place on a toroidal planet or moon involving flying. This URL is the public DNS address of your instance followed by a By default, you can include only one content type in user data at a time. sudo cloud-init init How can I troubleshoot this and what am I missing? scripts and cloud-init directives. If you need the instance to have a static public IPv4 address, consider using an. wizard as plain text, as a file (this is useful for launching instances using the User data shell scripts must start with the #! Supported browsers are Chrome, Firefox, Edge, and Safari. more information, see IAM roles for Amazon EC2. At least that's how it is in Linux, I guess on Windows it would be similar. In the navigation pane, choose Instances. Redoing the align environment with a specific formatting, The difference between the phonemes /p/ and /b/ in Japanese. install libssl-devel-0.9.8d-alt4.x86_64 in linux, Error installing dotnet "Requires openssl-libs", Getting broken package while installing MySQL 5.7 on AWS EC2 user (Amazon Linux). With the instance still selected, choose Actions, If this option is disabled, either the instance is already stopped or its root device is an instance store volume. As you might already know, EC2 user data script, lets you bootstrap your EC2 instance by executing some commands(that you specify) dynamically after your instance is booted. If you finally want to get rid of this instance we can do an instance state and then terminate the instance. sudo cloud-init modules -m final I start an instance from a custom AMI, and specify a UserData script during launch configuration. /var/log/cloud-init-output.log. Scripts entered as user data are run as the root user, so do not use the If you have Mac or Linux or Windows 10 then you can use the .pem format. amazon ec2 - user data scripts not working for me during starting of the EC2 instance - Server Fault user data scripts not working for me during starting of the EC2 instance Ask Question Asked 8 months ago Modified 8 months ago Viewed 708 times 0 All, I have user data script like below. A simple web page is created to test the web server and PHP engine. So let's go ahead and see the step by step instruction to execute EC2 user data script using CloudFormation Step 1: Provide proper permission If you are not an admin user, you should explicitly provide ec2:* permission for your user/role. Not the answer you're looking for? Is a collection of years plural or singular? The appropriate ownership and file permissions are set for the web directory EC2 is not just one service. If you've got a moment, please tell us how we can make the documentation better. In this article, we are going to launch our EC2 instance running Amazon Linux. For security reasons, create an IAM policy to restrict the users who are allowed to add or remove user data through the ModifyInstanceAttribute API. information, see Create a security group. Why are Suriname, Belize, and Guinea-Bissau classified as "Small Island Developing States"? If you are unable to see the PHP information page, Copyright 2020 CloudKatha - All Rights Reserved, Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window), Click to share on Telegram (Opens in new window), Click to share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window), How to Execute EC2 User Data Script using CloudFormation. And for this, you go to a public IPv4 address, you copy this or you click on the open address and probably it doesnt work. Follow the procedure for launching an What can a lawyer do if the client wants him to be acquitted of everything despite serious evidence? About user data and how it lets you bootstrap instance, A catch regarding specifying user data correctly. Amazon Linux instances, see cloud-init. For information about running commands on your Windows instance at launch, see Run commands on your Windows instance at launch First, enter a name tag for the instance. It stands for Elastic Compute Cloud. Copy your user script into the Edit user data box, and then choose Save. You can see a full catalog of OS that you can search but in this article, were going to use Amazon Linux, which is provided by AWS. Run commands on your Linux instance at launch, Run commands on your Windows instance at launch. The text/cloud-config content type overrides how frequently user data is run in the cloud-init package by setting the SCRIPTS-USER parameter to ALWAYS. and where will it store? then check to see that your script has completed the tasks that you intended. If you've got a moment, please tell us what we did right so we can do more of it. So I tried to pass my own user-data when instance launch, this is my user-data: But there is no file in this path: /home/ec2-user/user-script-output.txt. The following are common issues that occur when utilizing Windows EC2 instance user data: You modified or configured user data, but it doesn't run on instance launch. script is not run interactively, you cannot include commands that require user create will be owned by the root user; if you need a non-root user to have file access, but they used for linux based Ec2 instance. I'll provide detailed walk-though. Choose Actions, choose Instance Settings, and then choose Edit User Data. 2023, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. Stop your instance. Follow Up: struct sockaddr storage initialization by network format-string. After that, change your user_data parameter to use the file instead of the string. If you retrieve the data using instance metadata or the Amazon EC2 console, then it's automatically decoded for you. Steps to create EC2 User data Specify user data while launching EC2 Instance Allow traffic on port 80 and 443 on Security Group Verify User data Execution/Apache Installation Let's do all these steps one by one. And therefore, on the first launch, we shall be able to pass the commands here. The user data are stored in files name part_001 etc. Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! The command would understandably fail if you attempt to create a file in a non-existent directory, but your "Update" example seems to show that it did actually work. For this example, in a web browser, enter the URL of the PHP test file the directives Open the Amazon EC2 console at So before you create custom AMI, ssh/ssm into your instance and execute the following, Optionally also remove the cloud-init logs, they will be recreated automatically. I checked the network monitoring and indeed the script is not being run. way to send instructions to an instance at launch. How can I do that? Start the instance. I searched a lot of topic about "user-data script is not working" in these few days, but until now, I haven't gotten any idea about my case yet, please help me to figure out what happened, thanks a lot! By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. The necessary web server, php, and mariadb Check your system log and you should see that Echo in the Management console, Also add this https://aws.amazon.com/premiumsupport/knowledge-center/ec2-linux-log-user-data/. . Cam I instruct an AWS EC2 instance to run in "maintenance" mode with cloud-init (user data), Starting a long-running process in cloud-init on ec2 instance, how to disable executing user-data by cloud-init, Cloud-init is failing to execute awscli command in User Data, AWS Userdata script in Cloud Init not running, EC2 instance settings user data option not present, Redoing the align environment with a specific formatting. If you go into advanced details you could configure them a little more advanced in terms of storage, volume, encryption, and keys. so User data will be executed If your AMI is a snapshot of the machine ( lift and Shifted from. If I add #cloud-boothook in the top of user-data file, it works! sudo command in the script. I removed only instance(s) from the folder /var/lib/cloud/ and then it ran fine for me, Then I retried my user data script and it worked fine. Browse other questions tagged, Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists worldwide, Assuming, you are using Amazon Linux 2, did you check information in /var/log/cloud-init-output.log (. Adding a comment below on what you liked and what can be improved. I've seen it downvoted many times on SO, In addition to @Mike Conigliaro response, in order to delete only the running one semaphore: rm /var/lib/cloud/instances/$(curl -s. @MikeConigliaro I wanted to use user-data to make something run on every boot, so I made the user-data script append it to /etc/rc.local. Is it possible to create a concave light? However, in some cases, it may be necessary to run these scripts as a non-root user, for security or other reasons. running, you can view the user data but you cannot modify it. @jarmod how can I echo it out? Step 4. Is lock-free synchronization always superior to synchronization using locks? Once the instance name is created we can observe a few things. Be sure to use the file:// prefix to specify the file. wizard. You can pass two types of user data to Amazon EC2: shell I believe there is a way to run a PowerShell script from user data, however user-data script is only run on the first instance boot, not on every restart. But if you decide to stop an instance, then AWS will not bill you for it. and Manage Windows instance configuration in the So lets go ahead and see the step by step instruction to execute EC2 user data script using CloudFormation. Replace it with an 'echo start'. packages are installed. > "C:\Python27\Scripts" by shift button and right click. examine the cloud-init output log file (/var/log/cloud-init-output.log), The following shows the mime-multi part format. Grab the YAML or JSON template from above as per your convenience. Is it plausible for constructed languages to be used to affect thought and control or mold people towards desired outcomes? 2023, Amazon Web Services, Inc. or its affiliates. Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. However, this example shows both text/cloud-config and text/x-shellscript content-types in a mime-multi part file. Where does this (supposedly) Gibson quote come from? To troubleshoot issues on your EC2 instance bootstrap without having to access the instance through SSH, you can add code to your user-data bash script that redirects all the output both to the /var/log/user-data.log and to /dev/console.When the code is executed, you can see your user-data invocation logs in your console. What is the point of Thrower's Bandolier? It actually took me a few hours of research and testing, so once I figured it out, I created this question to help the next person looking for a definitive answer. An instance profile provides the Steps to Execute EC2 User Data Script using CloudFormation I hope we are clear on the script by now. Do I need a thermal expansion tank if I already have a pressure tank? Why don't you echo out some progress information in your userdata script, step by step, and then check the console output afterwards? Thank you. The following example is a shell script that writes "Hello World" to a testfile.txt file in a /tmp directory. You can update your configuration to ensure that your user data scripts and cloud-init directives run every time you restart your instance. Make sure that the latest version of cloud-init is installed and functioning properly on your EC2 instance. Its composed of many things at a high level. Now, we know the basics and we have the template so lets go and create the stack. Resolution But dont worry, If you want it in JSON, I will provideJSONtemplate as well. That is launching new non-login root shell. When you launch an instance in Amazon EC2, you have the option of passing user data to the Running Docker on EC2 using CodeCommit | by Dhaval Nagar | AppGambit | Medium Write Sign up Sign In 500 Apologies, but something went wrong on our end.. How to Attach EBS Volume in EC2 Instance? If you have Windows less than version 10, for example, Windows 7 or Windows 8, then you can use a .ppk format. feedback (such as yum update without the -y Click here to return to Amazon Web Services homepage, back up any data on the instance store volumes, Determine the root device type of your AMI, Stopping and starting the instance erases any data on, If your EC2 instance has an auto-assigned public IPv4 address, then stopping and starting the instance causes the IPv4 address to change. {AWSTemplateFormatVersion: 2010-09-09,Description: Template to Create an EC2 instance in a VPC,Parameters: {VpcId: {Type: String,Description: VPC id,Default: vpc-58c9a833},ImageId: {Type: String,Description: windows machine,Default: ami-0c4a11a8d0e503812},InstanceType: {Type: String,Description: Choosing t2 micro because it is free,Default: t2.micro},KeyName: {Description: SSH Keypair to login to the instance,Type: AWS::EC2::KeyPair::KeyName}},Resources: {DemoInstance: {Type: AWS::EC2::Instance,Properties: {ImageId: {Ref: ImageId},InstanceType: {Ref: InstanceType},KeyName: {Ref: KeyName},SecurityGroupIds: [{Ref: DemoSecurityGroup}],UserData: {Fn::Base64: {Fn::Sub: if ( Get-Service AWSXRayDaemon -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue ) {sc.exe stop AWSXRayDaemonsc.exe delete AWSXRayDaemon}, $targetLocation = C:\Program Files\Amazon\XRayif ((Test-Path $targetLocation) -eq 0) {mkdir $targetLocation}, $zipFileName = aws-xray-daemon-windows-service-3.x.zip$zipPath = $targetLocation\$zipFileName$destPath = $targetLocation\aws-xray-daemonif ((Test-Path $destPath) -eq 1) {Remove-Item -Recurse -Force $destPath}, $daemonPath = $destPath\xray.exe$daemonLogPath = $targetLocation\xray-daemon.log$url = https://s3.dualstack.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/aws-xray-assets.us-west-2/xray-daemon/aws-xray-daemon-windows-service-3.x.zip, Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $url -OutFile $zipPathAdd-Type -Assembly System.IO.Compression.Filesystem[io.compression.zipfile]::ExtractToDirectory($zipPath, $destPath), New-Service -Name AWSXRayDaemon -StartupType Automatic -BinaryPathName `$daemonPath` -f `$daemonLogPath`sc.exe start AWSXRayDaemon}}}},DemoSecurityGroup: {Type: AWS::EC2::SecurityGroup,Properties: {VpcId: {Ref: VpcId},GroupDescription: SG to allow SSH access via port 22,SecurityGroupIngress: [{IpProtocol: tcp,FromPort: 22,ToPort: 22,CidrIp: 0.0.0.0/0},{IpProtocol: tcp,FromPort: 80,ToPort: 80,CidrIp: 0.0.0.0/0},{IpProtocol: tcp,FromPort: 443,ToPort: 443,CidrIp: 0.0.0.0/0}],Tags: [{Key: Name,Value: EC2-SG}]}}},Outputs: {DemoInstanceId: {Description: Instance Id,Value: {Ref: DemoInstance}}}}. User Data in AWS CloudFormation for an EC2 Instance through a custom AMI not working, Custom Packer AMI does not execute user_data specified by Terraform, Run userdata on custom EC2 AMI created from centos 7, AWS spot instance startup script not working, Adding a service startup script for Amazon linux AMI, EC2 Amazon - User Data Not Working For Bundled/Snapshot AMI, My EC2 startup script (supplied in user_data) doesn't seem to be run at startup, Install php-fpm in in linux(Amazon ami) no package avaliable error, Custom shell script not working at boot with EC2 User Data in Launch Templates. Leave the settings to default Our instances are going to get a public IP and then there is going to be a security group attached to our instance (which is going to control the traffic from and to our instance ) and therefore we can add rules. Go to the AWS Management Console (https://aws.amazon.com/console/). Enter the stack name and click on Next. we get some information on the security group which was created called launch-wizard-1. Refresh the page, check Medium 's site. How much random access memory or RAM do you want? I love New Pluralsight course on AWS Systems 5 years ago AWS Simple Systems Manager for EC2: Getting Started I am happy to PowerShell DSC to manage PowerShell In a very simple terms if I say, user data is user data/commands that you can specify at the time of launching your instance. Are there tables of wastage rates for different fruit and veg? 4. If you are creating this EC2 instance just for learning purpose. Also tailf /var/log/cloud-init-output.log for cloud-init status. What is the correct way to screw wall and ceiling drywalls? Moderator: selimgunay. instance. directory on any instance launched from the AMI. I was having a lot of trouble with this. As your image is a custom one, I suppose it have already been started once and so user_data is desactivated. To troubleshoot issues on your EC2 instance bootstrap without having to access the instance through SSH, you can add code to your user-data bash script that redirects all the output both to the /var/log/user-data.log and to /dev/console.When the code is run, you can see your user-data invocation logs in your console. file the script created. Want to know which is the best way Step 11. User data must be base64-decoded when you retrieve it. Before you can use this file with the AWS CLI, you must remove the first (BEGIN CERTIFICATE) and last You log clearly says that you don't have npm and node installed so you need to pass installation instruction to the script as well. On services, tab search for EC2 and click on instances in the sidebar for creating an EC2 Instance. For more archive that includes a cloud-init data section with the I have an EC2 instance which I bootstrapped with some user data that runs some updates and installs some other software on startup. Stack Exchange network consists of 181 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. The nature of simulating nature: A Q&A with IBM Quantum researcher Dr. Jamie We've added a "Necessary cookies only" option to the cookie consent popup. Bootstrapping means launching commands when the machine starts. You can follow these steps to install both node and npm. The simplicity helped me alot. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. rm /var/lib/cloud/instance/sem/config_scripts_user. I want to get an output (success or failure) back from EC2 and based on the result start an appropriate step function. Also, because the the BASH file for the ec2-user so you can log in with your own private key. before you create an AMI from the instance. EC2 AMI version. In this post, we learnt to execute EC2 user data script using CloudFormation. On certain instances, you may see symlinks with the instance id at the above script location. text/cloud-config and text/x-shellscript content-types in a mime-multi part I tried SQS, Event bridge, S3 SNS trigger. The script is not deleted after it is run. Javascript is disabled or is unavailable in your browser. Note: Replace the line /bin/echo "Hello World." Why are trials on "Law & Order" in the New York Supreme Court? If you click on it, copy, and then paste it, you press enter, its going to work. For security reasons, create an IAM policy to restrict the users who are allowed to add or remove user data through the ModifyInstanceAttribute API. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. Operating Systems that can we choose for our EC2 instances are Linux, Windows, or Mac OS. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? Step 6. Then while creating Image, set it to no-reboot. command with the --user-data parameter. EC2 UserData script is not running on startup Ask Question Asked 1 year, 9 months ago Modified 7 months ago Viewed 2k times Part of AWS Collective 2 I am trying to automate EC2 instance creation. I have specified * for simplicity. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. Run EC2 user-data script as non-root user Ask Question Asked 10 years, 9 months ago Modified 3 years, 9 months ago Viewed 12k times 8 I'm able to run a user-data script successfully, but it runs as root. then complete the instance launch procedure. 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