During its first hundred years, Chicago was one of the fastest-growing cities in the world. The Archdiocese of Chicago serves around 2.2 million Catholics in Cook and Lake Counties in Northeastern Illinois, a geographic area of 1,411 square miles. ", "Chicago Growth 18501990: Maps by Dennis McClendon", "B03002 HISPANIC OR LATINO ORIGIN BY RACE - Chicago, Illinois - 2021 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates", "Shaping Illinois: The Effects of Immigration, 1970-2020", Chicago Sun Times: "Census: Hispanics surpass blacks as Chicagos 2nd-largest racial group" by Mitchell Armentrout, "Why the Irish are More Powerful Than Ever in Chicago", "Contact Us - Evangelical Lutheran Church in America", "America the diverse Chicagos Polish neighborhoods" (5/15/2005), "MONOGRAFIJA 100 GODINA BONJAKA U AMERICI NAJLJEPA HEDIJA", Chicago Stories Swedes in Chicago (2006), Cities Guide Chicago A hard-knock life (2006), "Chicago is the second-biggest Lithuanian city", "Evangelical Covenant Church (ECC) The Evangelical Covenant Church", Alternative Guide to Chicago, Humboldt Park, http://www.hanania.com/profiles/LittleArabia.htm, "San Francisco Metro Area Ranks Highest in LGBT Percentage", "The Metro Areas With the Largest, and Smallest, Gay Populations", "Same-sex marriage licenses could hit 10,000 in Cook County this summer", Major U.S. metropolitan areas differ in their religious profiles, Chicago Historical Society: Global Communities in Chicago Project, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Chicago&oldid=1141225060, Demographics by city in the United States, Articles with dead external links from December 2016, Articles with permanently dead external links, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2011, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2018, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 24 February 2023, at 00:26. Living in same house 1 year ago, percent of persons age 1 year+, 2017-2021. Conscientious 60% Rich 20% Thoughtful 20% Hyde Park Demographics Education Levels National Master's degree or higher 54% 13% Bachelor's degree 24% 21% Some college or associate's degree 12% 29% More Racial Diversity White 47% African American 24% Asian 14% More Gender Female 54% Male 46% Age <10 years 6% 10-17 years 6% 18-24 years 24% More The top five races for people living in Chicago are: White (44%), Black (32%), Asian (5%), Hispanic or Latino (28%), Two or more races (2%). To accommodate rapid population growth and demand for better sanitation, the city improved its infrastructure. views about size of government by metro area, Learn More: views about size of government, Smaller government; fewer services, Bigger government; more services, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who say government aid to the poor, Compare: The Chicago Police Department provides law enforcement and the Chicago Fire Department provides fire suppression and emergency medical services for the city and its residents. [117] Other notable streets include Michigan Avenue, State Street, Oak, Rush, Clark Street, and Belmont Avenue. Chicago is also a prominent center of the Polish Cathedral style of church architecture. A third or more of people in each of those metropolitan areas (37% in Seattle, 35% in San Francisco and 33% in Boston) are religious nones.. Chicago has also been the home of several prominent talk shows, including The Oprah Winfrey Show, Steve Harvey Show, The Rosie Show, The Jerry Springer Show, The Phil Donahue Show, The Jenny Jones Show, and more. [233], Chicago lays claim to a large number of regional specialties that reflect the city's ethnic and working-class roots. Religion Census, email cliff.grammich@usreligioncensus.org. Broadway In Chicago offers Broadway-style entertainment at five theaters: the Nederlander Theatre, CIBC Theatre, Cadillac Palace Theatre, Auditorium Building of Roosevelt University, and Broadway Playhouse at Water Tower Place. Data from 372groups has arrived. [288] Violent crime rates vary significantly by area of the city, with more economically developed areas having low rates, but other sections have much higher rates of crime. [citation needed], In 2005, indie rock artist Sufjan Stevens created a concept album about Illinois titled Illinois; many of its songs were about Chicago and its history. The Port of Chicago consists of several major port facilities within the city of Chicago operated by the Illinois International Port District (formerly known as the Chicago Regional Port District). [citation needed], Lincoln Park contains the Lincoln Park Zoo and the Lincoln Park Conservatory. Chicago is home to. The Puerto Rican-influenced jibarito is a sandwich made with flattened, fried green plantains instead of bread. There are also several regional and special-interest newspapers and magazines, such as Chicago, the Dziennik Zwizkowy (Polish Daily News), Draugas (the Lithuanian daily newspaper), the Chicago Reader, the SouthtownStar, the Chicago Defender, the Daily Herald, Newcity,[323][324] StreetWise and the Windy City Times. Rahm Emanuel (to April 2019) 2010 census population (rank): 2,695,598 (3); Male:Female:White:Black:American Indian and Alaska Native:Asian:Other race:Two or more races . The mayor of Chicago is the chief executive, elected by general election for a term of four years, with no term limits. Because of this, ComEd reports indicate that Chicago receives about 75% of its electricity from nuclear power. The Bah' temple is in Wilmette, Illinois. He is commonly known as the "Founder of Chicago". Several special studies provide datafor groups without central data offices, such as the Amish, Buddhist and Hindu groups, as well as Orthodox and non-denominational Christian churches. Pixabay . [225] These visitors contributed more than US$13.7 billion to Chicago's economy. January and February are the coldest months. 1615 L St. NW, Suite 800Washington, DC 20036USA [292][293] In 2009, the murder count fell to 458 (10% down). [342], Chicago is the largest hub in the railroad industry. [46] While elevating Chicago, and at first improving the city's health, the untreated sewage and industrial waste now flowed into the Chicago River, and subsequently into Lake Michigan, polluting the city's primary freshwater source. [133][134][135] Summers are hot and humid, with frequent heat waves. [citation needed], The wealth of greenspace afforded by Chicago's parks is further augmented by the Cook County Forest Preserves, a network of open spaces containing forest, prairie, wetland, streams, and lakes that are set aside as natural areas which lie along the city's outskirts,[274] including both the Chicago Botanic Garden in Glencoe and the Brookfield Zoo in Brookfield. This dialect can also be found in other cities bordering the Great Lakes such as Cleveland, Milwaukee, Detroit, and Rochester, New York, and most prominently features a rearrangement of certain vowel sounds, such as the short 'a' sound as in "cat", which can sound more like "kyet" to outsiders. Only about half of the residents in the Seattle (52%) and San Francisco (48%) metropolitan areas identify as Christians, as well as roughly six-in-ten or fewer of those living in Boston (57%) and New York (59%). [230], In 2013, Chicago was chosen as one of the "Top Ten Cities in the United States" to visit for its restaurants, skyscrapers, museums, and waterfront, by the readers of Cond Nast Traveler,[231][232] and in 2020 for the fourth year in a row, Chicago was named the top U.S. city tourism destination. An attempt was made in the early 20th century to link Chicago with New York City via the Chicago New York Electric Air Line Railroad. 42.07% of Loyola Chicago students come from out of state, and 3.78% come from out of the country. The city rests on a continental divide at the site of the Chicago Portage, connecting the Mississippi River and the Great Lakes watersheds. [261], The Chicago Blackhawks of the National Hockey League (NHL) began play in 1926, and are one of the "Original Six" teams of the NHL. frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing by metro area, Learn More: frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing, At least once a week, Once or twice a month, Seldom/never, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who feel a sense of wonder about the universe, Compare: [350] The City of Chicago is the world headquarters for United Airlines, the world's third-largest airline. In the spring of 1937 Republic Steel Works witnessed the Memorial Day massacre of 1937 in the neighborhood of East Side. Chicago has the third-largest South Asian population in the United States, especially many Indians, Bangladeshi and Pakistanis. [215], Downtown is the center of Chicago's financial, cultural, governmental and commercial institutions and the site of Grant Park and many of the city's skyscrapers. ), Other Pentecostal (Historically Black Protestant Trad. The city has been a center for rave culture, since the 1980s. [1] Within fifty years of the Great Chicago Fire of 1871, the population had tripled to over 3 million. Chicago had more homicides than any other city in 2015 in total but not on per capita basis, according to the Chicago Tribune. The Chicago Bears, one of the last two remaining charter members of the National Football League (NFL), have won nine NFL Championships, including the 1985 Super BowlXX. The ceiling of its Preston Bradley Hall includes a 38-foot (12m) Tiffany glass dome. Chicago's Western Avenue is the longest continuous urban street in the world. The grid's regularity provided an efficient means of developing new real estate property. The average land elevation is 579ft (176.5m) above sea level. The Museum Campus joins the southern section of Grant Park, which includes the renowned Art Institute of Chicago. [74], The ratification of the 18th amendment to the Constitution in 1919 made the production and sale (including exportation) of alcoholic beverages illegal in the United States. The Archdiocese is divided into six vicariates and 31 deaneries. Christianity is predominant among the city's population who worship (71%). The Exposition drew 27.5million visitors, and is considered the most influential world's fair in history. This marked the second consecutive year of population increase, while still not yet returning to the official Census 2000 population level. [25], The city has had several nicknames throughout its history, such as the Windy City, Chi-Town, Second City, and City of the Big Shoulders. [180] In 2014 the Catholic Church was the largest individual Christian denomination (34%), with the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Chicago being the largest Catholic jurisdiction. Behind the pavilion's stage is the Harris Theater for Music and Dance, an indoor venue for mid-sized performing arts companies, including the Chicago Opera Theater and Music of the Baroque. [96] All three city-wide elective offices were held by women (and women of color) for the first time in Chicago history: in addition to Lightfoot, the City Clerk was Anna Valencia and City Treasurer, Melissa Conyears-Ervin. [276] The council takes official action through the passage of ordinances and resolutions and approves the city budget.[277]. Even before then, it was not unheard of for Republican presidential candidates to win handily in downstate Illinois, only to lose statewide due to large Democratic margins in Chicago. Diocesan Priests (including active and retired): 683, Deacons: 652(includes active, active outside the diocese, seniors, and retired), Archdiocesan Council of Catholic Women (ACCW), Immigrant Affairs and Immigration Education, Catholic population as percentage of total population of Cook and Lake counties: 35%, Weekend Masses Scheduled in Parishes and Missions: 1,194, Elementary schools (archdiocese-run):152, Elementary schools (non-archdiocese-run): 8, Secondary schools (non-archdiocese-run): 27, Enrollment in elementary school programs: 39,000, Enrollment in secondary school programs: 3,600, St. John Vianney College Seminary, St. Paul, MN, 5 Catholic colleges and universities serving 45,000 students. It reports the number of congregations in every U.S. county and equivalents for participating faith groups. 1,112,581. The accent remains well associated with the city. With more than 370 religious bodies,over 350,000 congregations, and over 160 million adherents,the 2020 U.S. Buckingham Fountain anchors the downtown park along the lakefront. (+1) 202-419-4300 | Main It is a subsidiary of The Pew Charitable Trusts. The Chicago Pride Parade, held the last Sunday in June, is one of the world's largest with over a million people in attendance. [241], Chicken Vesuvio is roasted bone-in chicken cooked in oil and garlic next to garlicky oven-roasted potato wedges and a sprinkling of green peas. On June 15, 1835, the first public land sales began with Edmund Dick Taylor as Receiver of Public Monies. He was reelected in 1987 but died of a heart attack soon after. Chicago is home to NetherRealm Studios, the developers of the Mortal Kombat series. [citation needed], Chicago Public Radio produces nationally aired programs such as PRI's This American Life and NPR's Wait WaitDon't Tell Me!. The current mayor is Lori Lightfoot. The early years of Chicago coincided with the significant rise in Irish immigration in the 1830s and 1840s. [355] Because of low participation in the blue bag programs, the city began a pilot program for blue bin recycling like other cities. [citation needed], Chicago Fire FC is a member of Major League Soccer (MLS) and plays at Soldier Field. Grant Park holds Millennium Park, Buckingham Fountain (1927), and the Art Institute of Chicago. Chicago has a sizeable Romanian American community,[13] As of 2018[update], the Lithuanian population is over 100,000 and was formerly over 300,000; the world's oldest continuously published Lithuanian-language newspaper Draugus is based in Chicago. [59][60], Labor conflicts followed the industrial boom and the rapid expansion of the labor pool, including the Haymarket affair on May 4, 1886, and in 1894 the Pullman Strike. The Chicago Symphony Orchestra (CSO) performs at Symphony Center, and is recognized as one of the best orchestras in the world. Purchase this important reference work thatincludes maps and charts. Association of Statisticians of American Religious Bodies. The term "The Loop" is largely used by locals to refer to the entire downtown area as well. [328] All three Chicago franchise shows are filmed locally throughout Chicago and maintain strong national viewership averaging 7 million viewers per show. [81], On December 2, 1942, physicist Enrico Fermi conducted the world's first controlled nuclear reaction at the University of Chicago as part of the top-secret Manhattan Project. By the time of its first census, seven years later, the population had reached over 4,000. [124] Presently, the four tallest buildings in the city are Willis Tower (formerly the Sears Tower, also a building with its own zip code), Trump International Hotel and Tower, the Aon Center (previously the Standard Oil Building), and the John Hancock Center. [302] Jens Ludwig, director of the University of Chicago Crime Lab, estimated that shootings cost the city of Chicago $2.5billion in 2012. The park is home to a constantly rotating schedule of free cultural events for all ages, all year long. [245], One of the world's most decorated restaurants and a recipient of three Michelin stars, Alinea is located in Chicago. % of adults in the Chicago metro area who are, Compare: Be mindful of course content that may privilege certain religious perspectives. The U.S. [118], The destruction caused by the Great Chicago Fire led to the largest building boom in the history of the nation. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. Kortmann, Bernd, Kate Burridge, Rajend Mesthrie, Edgar W. Schneider and Clive Upton (eds). The ethnic makeup of the population is 28% Hispanic and 72% belong to non Hispanic background. Pew Research Center does not take policy positions. The fountain's two towers display visual effects from LED images of Chicagoans' faces, along with water spouting from their lips. [90] Washington was succeeded by 6th ward Alderman Eugene Sawyer, who was elected by the Chicago City Council and served until a special election. [11] Some Irish already lived in Chicago when it was incorporated as a city in 1837. The South Side hosts one of the city's largest parades, the annual African American Bud Billiken Parade and Picnic, which travels through Bronzeville to Washington Park. City laws and later, state laws that upgraded standards for the medical profession and fought urban epidemics of cholera, smallpox, and yellow fever were both passed and enforced. Chicago is one of the largest hubs of passenger rail service in the nation. [290], The number of murders in Chicago peaked at 970 in 1974, when the city's population was over 3million people (a murder rate of about 29 per 100,000), and it reached 943 murders in 1992, (a murder rate of 34 per 100,000). [286], According to reports in 2013, "most of Chicago's violent crime comes from gangs trying to maintain control of drug-selling territories",[287] and is specifically related to the activities of the Sinaloa Cartel, which is active in several American cities. ", "Chicago, IL - Detailed climate information and monthly weather forecast", "History of the Chicago and Rockford Weather Observation Sites", "Chicago/O'Hare, IL Climate Normals 1961-1990", "Chicago, Illinois, USA Monthly weather forecast and Climate data", "Chicago Growth 18501990: Maps by Dennis McClendon", "It's official: Los Angeles ousts Chicago as No. Their service territory borders Iroquois County to the south, the Wisconsin border to the north, the Iowa border to the west and the Indiana border to the east. These areas contribute famous skyscrapers, abundant restaurants, shopping, museums, a stadium for the Chicago Bears, convention facilities, parkland, and beaches. [114] Streets following the Public Land Survey System section lines later became arterial streets in outlying sections. [225] Upscale shopping along the Magnificent Mile and State Street, thousands of restaurants, as well as Chicago's eminent architecture, continue to draw tourists. Amtrak long distance and commuter rail services originate from Union Station. Annual festivals feature various acts, such as Lollapalooza and the Pitchfork Music Festival. The Irish are still very active in the city's politics. Read our research on: Congress | Economy | Gender. There are also significant Italian populations scattered throughout the city and surrounding suburbs. Chicago's 58million tourist visitors in 2018 set a new record. [38][39][40][41], A flourishing economy brought residents from rural communities and immigrants from abroad. Experience Chicagos most notable music festivals including the Chicago Blues Festival, the Chicago Jazz Festival, Lollapalooza, Pitchfork Music Festival and Riot Fest. [158], In the 1920s and 1930s, the great majority of African Americans moving to Chicago settled in a socalled "Black Belt" on the city's South Side. [193] Academically, Chicago has been influential through the Chicago school of economics, which fielded some 12 Nobel Prize winners. And visit, attendance at prayer groups by metro area, frequency of participation in prayer, scripture study or religious education groups, frequency of feelings of spiritual wellbeing by metro area, frequency of feeling spiritual peace and wellbeing, frequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe by metro area, frequency of feeling wonder about the universe, sources of guidance on right and wrong by metro area, belief in existence of standards for right and wrong by metro area, belief in absolute standards for right and wrong, There are clear standards for what is right and wrong, frequency of reading scripture by metro area, interpretation of scripture by metro area, Word of God; not everything taken literally, views about size of government by metro area, views about government aid to the poor by metro area, views about same-sex marriage by metro area, views about environmental protection by metro area, Stricter environmental laws and regulations cost too many jobs and hurt the economy, Stricter environmental laws and regulations are worth the cost, views about human evolution by metro area. [72] This Great Migration had an immense cultural impact, called the Chicago Black Renaissance, part of the New Negro Movement, in art, literature, and music. Sign up to receive updates. Prominent Latino cultural attractions found here include Humboldt Park's Institute of Puerto Rican Arts and Culture and the annual Puerto Rican People's Parade, as well as the National Museum of Mexican Art and St. Adalbert's Church in Pilsen. For these figures, anything under 0.25% displays as <0.3%. [356], The Illinois Medical District is on the Near West Side. [160], The city has seen a rise in population for the 2000 census and after a decrease in 2010, it rose again for the 2020 census. [25] According to his diary of late September 1687: when we arrived at the said place called "Chicagou" which, according to what we were able to learn of it, has taken this name because of the quantity of garlic which grows in the forests in this region. [21][22] Chicago's culture includes the visual arts, literature, film, theater, comedy (especially improvisational comedy), food, dance (including modern dance and jazz troupes and the Joffrey Ballet), and music (particularly jazz, blues, soul, hip-hop, gospel,[23] and electronic dance music, including house music). [83], By the 1960s, white residents in several neighborhoods left the city for the suburban areas in many American cities, a process known as white flight as Blacks continued to move beyond the Black Belt. Domestic and industrial waste was once incinerated but it is now landfilled, mainly in the Calumet area. The University of Illinois College of Medicine at UIC is the second largest medical school in the United States (2,600 students including those at campuses in Peoria, Rockford and UrbanaChampaign).[360]. [15] Chicago has the third largest Italian American population in the United States, behind only New York City and Philadelphia. Additionally, Chicago is one of the eight cities in the United States to have won championships in the four major professional leagues and, along with Los Angeles, New York, Philadelphia and Washington, is one of five cities to have won soccer championships as well. "[22] Swedish influence is evident in Andersonville on the far north side. Since 1968, the Joseph Jefferson Awards are given annually to acknowledge excellence in theater in the Chicago area. About Pew Research Center Pew Research Center is a nonpartisan fact tank that informs the public about the issues, attitudes and trends shaping the world. frequency feeling a sense of wonder about the universe by metro area, Learn More: frequency of feeling wonder about the universe, At least once a week, Once or twice a month, Several times a year, Seldom/never, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who say they look tomost for guidance on right and wrong, Compare: Racial Makeup of Chicago excluding Hispanics from Racial Categories (2021)[3]NH=Non-Hispanic, Racial Makeup of Hispanics in Chicago (2021)[3], According to 2021 US Census Bureau American Community Survey one-year estimates (which is conducted annually for cities over 65,000 via sampling), the population of Chicago, Illinois was 36.1% White (32.9% Non-Hispanic White and 3.2% Hispanic White), 28.5% Black or African American, 6.9% Asian, 1.1% Native American and Alaskan Native, 0.1% Pacific Islander, 13.1% Some Other Race, and 14.2% from two or more races. They play home games at the Wintrust Arena. [104] Landfill extends into portions of the lake providing space for Navy Pier, Northerly Island, the Museum Campus, and large portions of the McCormick Place Convention Center. Anarchist and socialist groups played prominent roles in creating very large and highly organized labor actions. The demographics of Chicago is 45% white.The second largest group of people were the African Americans who made up 32.9% of the total population of Chicago. The city and its surrounding metropolitan area contain the third-largest labor pool in the United States with about 4.63million workers. The name Chicago is derived from a French rendering of the indigenous Miami-Illinois word shikaakwa for a wild relative of the onion; it is known to botanists as Allium tricoccum and known more commonly as "ramps". B. Religion The racial makeup of the city in 2010 was 45.3% white and within that 45.3%, 12.9% identify as having Hispanic ancestry (31.7% non-Hispanic white), 32% black, 5% Asian, and 3% from two or more races. Two of the city's largest parks are also located on this side of the city: Jackson Park, bordering the waterfront, hosted the World's Columbian Exposition in 1893, and is the site of the aforementioned museum; and slightly west sits Washington Park. The Sox are fifth in the American League in all-time wins, and sixth in pennants. These districts include the Mexican American neighborhoods, such as Pilsen along 18th street, and La Villita along 26th Street; the Puerto Rican enclave of Paseo Boricua in the Humboldt Park neighborhood; Greektown, along South Halsted Street, immediately west of downtown;[214] Little Italy, along Taylor Street; Chinatown in Armour Square; Polish Patches in West Town; Little Seoul in Albany Park around Lawrence Avenue; Little Vietnam near Broadway in Uptown; and the Desi area, along Devon Avenue in West Ridge. This led to the creation of the atomic bomb by the United States, which it used in World War II in 1945. [132], The city lies within the typical hot-summer humid continental climate (Kppen: Dfa), and experiences four distinct seasons. [318], Since the 1850s, Chicago has been a world center of higher education and research with several universities. ), Apostolic Pentecostal (Evangelical Trad. In The Dark Knight Trilogy and the DC Extended Universe, Chicago was used as the inspiration and filming site for Gotham City and Metropolis respectively. Manufacturing and retail and finance sectors became dominant, influencing the American economy. Parts of this were built, but it was never completed. frequency of reading scripture by metro area, Learn More: frequency of reading scripture, At least once a week, Once or twice a month, Seldom/never, % of adults in the Chicago metro area who say the holy scripture is, Compare: [282] Chicago had a murder rate of 18.5 per 100,000 residents in 2012, ranking 16th among US cities with 100,000 people or more. Language other than English spoken at home, percent of persons age 5 years+, 2017-2021. As of the 2010 United States Census, there were 2,695,598 people and 1,194,337 households residing within the city limits of Chicago. [76], Chicago was the first American city to have a homosexual-rights organization. These relationships have sought to promote economic, cultural, educational, and other ties. [25]. An expansion will include 32 acres of linear park space along the Chicago River, 10 acres of sports and recreational fields and 17 acres of wetland park.
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